What does the term "exfiltration" refer to in cybersecurity?

• A. The process of securing data
• B. The unauthorized transfer of data from a computer or network
• C. The backup of sensitive information
• D. The installation of security software

Answer: (B)

The term "exfiltration" in cybersecurity specifically refers to the unauthorized transfer of data from a computer or network. This process typically involves an attacker accessing sensitive or confidential information and then covertly extracting it, often without the knowledge or consent of the data owner. Exfiltration can occur through various methods, such as malware, phishing attacks, or exploiting vulnerabilities in network security.

Understanding the concept of exfiltration is crucial for cybersecurity professionals, as it highlights the risks associated with data leakage and the importance of implementing measures to detect, prevent, and respond to such incidents. This can include monitoring network traffic for unusual activity, employing data loss prevention tools, and ensuring that proper access controls are in place to safeguard sensitive information.